Internal-combustion engine.



No. 873,493. I PATENTEDI'DEG. 10, 1907.

A. M. BROWN. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPTA 0.1904.

m.- 873,493.] PATENTEDDEG. 10,, 1907.

' A. M. BROWN, j

INTERNAL GOMBUSJTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED HEM. 20. 1904.

a sEnnTs-snnn'r 2.

Britain, residing at Ye Kowhai,

m have 3i provemen-ts:- in Internal-Gombustion. Engines, off'which: the ition UNITED STAT s PATENT onnion ARTHUR'MQBLEY BROWN, or YEKOWHAI, NGARUAWAHIA, NEW ZEALANDQA'SSIGNOR To PROVIDENCE ENGINEERING WORKS, or PROVIDENCE, RHODE IsLAND,.-A CORPORATION OF RHODE ISLAND.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION Enema,

Patented Dec. 10,1907.

application filed September 20. 1 904- Serial No. 225.274-

Toiallriebljomflltymey concern:

' B et known h I, ARTHURMORLEY BROWN} a" subject of the Kin of Great nviented7 eertaifm'new and usefulv rmolljoyvinfg is a specifica- GThis inv ention relatesfto internal-combus to set the. cooling of-the explosive 'charge an to increase its Weight aslwell as topermit o f*--.the'--use of a higher. than usual, and 4 hence a means for starting-theengine. 25. may be aiptllied to internalcombustionenpower is obtained frorn'a given size of "cylinder ;.anIinc're'ased saving in Working is also-obtained the-circulating water supplied to theflcy der and the Further objects attained are the'coolinijfif .20

pro'x iding of a cool scavenging a charge of air-for expelling the products of combustion from the engme'and'providing v Theimprovements hereinafter I describedg nes wor g on theffour-stroke'or Otto cycle principle orto a two s'troke cycle engine and to-.eng1nes'having\one, two -or' niore cylinders.- i

L With the" foregoingandi other objects in view, the'mventio'n consists of the novel constructionj cgmbination' and arrangement of parts hereinafter more specifically described \mgs: which form a and illustrated in the; accompanyln Jdrawpart of this specification, andlwherein'is shown the preferred embodiment of-the invention, but it is to be under stood that changes, variations and modifica tions can be resorted to whichcome within the scope of the clalms hereunto appended. 'In'the drawings ,Wherein like reference characters denoteicorresponding p'artsthroughinternal combustion engine working onl the, Qttocy'cle principle, Fig. 2 represents aporout; the; several yiews Figure; 1 represents 1n;,long1tudinal section, the-im rovements constituting .my invention a combined with "a single .cylin or horizontal t1'on. o f a two-stroke en llWO mixing chambers an I dinal section: of a POIflOIlfdf an explosive en,-

ine provided with gin'e, showing the mannerofcOnstructingtheJ same when usedv in connection-with this invention.

garuawai-J e Colony of N ewZealand,

' pheric pressure; 'the tlon ngin'es, and has for its gprincipal;- object compressed Q. charge greater amount; of than is' nsnally obtaineding chamber.

a is the engine cylinder and b is'the air pump. or compressor near to the said cylinder (1' and worked The compresse andheated air in the air-- compressor b 'is conveyed by the. pipe lto the air-receiver and intercooler marked 0?, d at a pressure-considerably above atmosair receiver proper conjsisting of an annular chamber indicated by :the reference character (1 and the axial cooler de'note'd by the reference character d water or air: is .made

axial cooler (Z By' this means, air supplied from the to circulate through the in any convenient' manner.

vided to receive the explosive mixture isor aresup lied to the to. One of: thecompartments is termed a the other of the compartments a gas-receiving chamber. The 'compartment receptacle is termed a supplementary compartment re ceiver. the supplementary or expansion air-receiver, and the reference character f, the gas-receivreceiver e, through the-medium of the pipe 9, the compressed cooled air .receiverd is passed and eX anded and the ressure and temperature 0 the air thereby owered; ,The air'is controlledand cutoff by the valve. or tap g annular chamber f to which. is supplied, by meansof the supply pipe h,- the. combustible entof'theexplosivemixture and which is fed cooled and'lexpanded air is supp 'ed to the for expanding; Dinner chamber e for referably from the engine,-

Cold

the compressed and heated air compressor]; is cooled. A- compartment receptacle is'procompressed cooled air" .and also the combustible gasor hydrocarbon before either or all of the' constituents'of the" supplementary or expansion air receiverfand Into the supplementary air-'- in the mainalrmixing chamber 0 by" the pipe '70 and the-* cooled'gas by the pipe The annular space f' in the air expanding receiverr'nay be used and cooling the. air "and the I cooling the gas instead p ot the arrangement representedinthe draw:-

The reference character e denotes I I It besee'n'tha't thesupplementary or expansion a1r-rece1ver.e 1s surrounded by the E gas orhydro-carbon which forms a constitw By the passing of I the heated a1r through the air receiver and gas through the chamber surrounding it, the said air and "gas are received inthe'nuxmg or' controlling chamber 0 of the en inc. :The

v I plston;

and thelatter in the pipe j.

sion of the explosive charge The mixture chair. and gas forming the i I ,chargein the chamber c is ejected from the ing chambers and the explosive said chamber and injected into the engine cylinder at through the valve-controlled communication 0 dur ng the .outstroke ofthe For the purpose of starting the engine, the compressed air from the mam a r-receiver d is either conveyed direct by the pipe t, provided with a controlling valve t to the mixder' pressure is ejected from the said chamber into "the combustion chamber 0 of the engine; or preferably the explosive mixture or charge under pressure is admitted from the mixing chamber 0, by a valve-controlled'communication 0 into the combustion chamber 3 c of the engine-cylinder and ignited.

to receive the compressed For cooling the circulating water supplied.

to 'the jacket of theengine-cylinder a and to provide a cool scavenging charge of air to. the interior of the engine-cylinder for expelling thejprodircts of combustion from the sad cylinder the following arrangement is used;

'-a second compartment receptacle is provided, and one of its compartments is ada ted cooled air, ant

' other of its compartments is adapted to re-,

ce'ive water. The manner in which the air and water are supplied to the second compartmen-t receptacle, will bev hereinafter referred to. The compartment which receives air is termed the second or supplementary space or water-receivingchamber.

secondary or air expander, and the-compartment whichreceives :th water, is termed an annular The second compartment receptacle is termed a supplementary compartment recelver. I

m is the circulating water tank connected with the jacket of the enginecyli nder a at its topb'y the return circulating water pipe 8 and at 1ts bottom by the water pipe plwhich .or annular space 7 latter communicates with the Water amber of-the second or supple mentary air expander 0 by which latter the ujcontrolled the valve a a pi e g having a valve g is in connection with t scavenging charge is supplied to the enginecyhnder.. The compressed air from the main '1 air-receiver d is supplied to the axial chamber'o, of the secon air-chamber by thepipe e chamber 0 for conveying the scavenging charge of air to the interior of the engine-cylinder. The annular chamber or. jacket 1' of'the second mixture un= the air-chamber o is in communication at one end by means of the valvecontrolled )ipc n with thdwater-tank m and at the other end by the pi e p, passing to the bottom of the water-jac et of the engine-cylinder. The second expansive air-receiver is lagged or jacketed with a non ucting material 1*.

The cooling water may circulate through the axial chamber 0 and the air be cooled'hnd expanded by circulating about the armular chamber 1" instead of employing the arrangement of parts represented.

In either of the ways described thecirculating water for the engine-cylinder is cooled and a cool scavenging charge of air provided.

The cycle of operations is .as follows:(.)n the first outstroke of the piston the valve controlling the communication between the mixing chamber 0 and the engine-cylinder a is opened, thus allow ing the explosive mixture to be injected into the combustion chamber of the said cylinder a. On the returnstroke of the piston, the charge is com pressed into the "combustion chamber at the back of the piston. I On the second outstroke of the piston, the char e is ignited and expansion takes place to t e end of the stroke, then the exhaustvalv'e opens, allowing the products of combustion toescape from the cylinder. 1 On the second return stroke of the piston, the valve controlling the ,cool air scavenging charge assing through the chambero is opened, .t ereby allow ng the said cool air to thoroughly expel the products of combustion from "the cylinder. The said cool air entering the cylinder also cools the latter before afresh charge of explosive mixture is admitted to the cylinder.

The timing of the several operations is effected by mechanism which is of the ordinary kind and constitutes no part of my invention.

In carrying my invention into effectior an engine working on the two-stroke rmciple in which one cylinder gives an imp se every revolution, 1 take a single-cylinder horizontal engine hav ing an ordinary trui 3) but in place of the usual exhaust'valve,-the cylinder 2 is provided with exhaust ports 3 all round the circumference as is common to some class of engines, so that when the piston has completed its full stroke, the exhaust orts are uncovered 'sui'liciently toallow a ree exhaust for the products of combustion. With this kind of engine is combined the air compressor, air-receiver and coolin arrangements hereinbefore described and 1 lustrated in Fig. 1 with respect to an engine working on the Otto-cycle principle.

Thecycle of operations of the two-stroke engine is as follows: On the outstroke of the piston, the compressed charge contained in the combustion chamber at the back of the piston, is ignited, thus impelling the piston and allowing expansion to take place to the end of the stroke when the exhaust ports are k' piston 1 (Fig.

' ture is admitted to'the' cylinder. During the return stroke of the piston, the valve of the mixing chamber is 'opened'and a fresh char e .of explosive mixture is injected into the cy inder which is compressed into the combustion'chamber at the back of the piston during the return strokeof the piston ready to be ignited as before described-.-

1'5= Inapplying my invention to two strokeor two cycle' engine working either single ordouble acting. which is double acting, like an "ordinary steam-engine, ,where' one cylinder gives two impulses every revolution, 1 take a' single-cylinder horizontal engine and in (place of the usual exhaust valves, the cylin er is provided with exhaust ports .all round the circumferencmas before described the air compressor, air-receiverand cooling arrangements hereinbefore described and illustrated in Fig. 1 being employed excepting that I use .two mixing chambers-as represented in Fig. 2 and marked, respectively, 0 and c ,-a mixing chamber being arranged at each end' of the chamber a's'before described. In this case the two mixing chambers-are in communication with independent combustion chambers. In the arrangement Fig. 2, the connecting pipes are marked with thesame letters of reference'ia s" corresponding parts in Figwl, but their positionsare somewhat modified.

In'the said Fig'." 2, the two chambers areconnectedto' the compressed air supply- '40 by the pipe Ic J'and the gas supfply by the pipe ,I'Ifhe com ressed'air 'ipe forstartin t e engine. is mar ed tand-t e pipe for supp ying thei cool airi'scav engin charge connected to the twoends of'the cy 'nder as marked q. The,;cy'cle of operations isexactly the same as inthe engine giving an impulse every revolution'g except' t at the cycle occurs. twice everyrrevolution. I do' not limit jmyself to thenumber of mixing-chambers used in connection with my invention. For examplein em loying an engine having two cylinders, wor in on ,the two-stroke principle double-actingas ast described, I use four. mixing chambers in connection with-four independent combustion chambers; and as hereinbefore stated my in- -vention is ap licable I to engines working on r thetour-stro e 'ortwo-stro' 'e rincip'leand "tdienfigines having one, two,"-t ree or more .cy in ers I I avin thus fullydescribed my invention,

whatl c aim a 'new and desire tosecureby Lettrs'Pateirt, is. v g I,

' 1;.1 Attachments; fo'r'if internal combustion engines for thepurpese set forthen bodying embodying a receiver for compressed air, a. water supply communicating withthe jacket cylinder a instead, of using a single mixing compressed air supply, of a supplementary compartment receiver, a valved feed pipe chain a coolerifor compressed air, a supplementary receiver provided with compartments, means for establishing communication between one of the compartments of the receiver and the cooler'and between the other of the compart 7o ments of the receiver .and a combustible gas' or hydrocarbon supply, a mixing and cO'ntrolling chamber, and means for establishing communication between the combustion chamber of the engine-and one of said compartments of the receiver. 7

3'2. Attachments for internal combustion engines comprising means for introducing a cooled blast of scavenging air into the com-- bustion chamber of the engine, saidmeans;

of the combustion chamber of theengine and areceiverprovided with compartments, one of said compartments communicating at one end with said cooler and at its other end with the combustion chamber of the engine, and

.the' other of said compartments communieating at one end with the water jacket, and at its other end'with the water supply. 3. Attachments for internal combustion engine s-for the purpose set forth comprising a cooler for'compressed air, a combined mixing and controlling chamber for the explosive mixture communicating with the combustion j chamber of the engine, and means for supplying compressed", air from said cooler to I iaid combined mixing and controlling charner. a

4. Attachmentsfor internal combustionengines, embodying a compressed air supply,

a compartment receiver provided with compartments, a valve-feed pipe between one of:

the compartments ofsaid receiver and saidcompressed air supply, a pipecommunicatj ing with the other of said compartments of said; supplementary compartment. receiver and with a combustible gas orhydr'ocarbon supply, and means for establishing communication between the compartments ofsaid re: ceiver and the combustion chamber of an engine.

4 5. Attachments for internal combustion engines, comprising the combination with a between one of the compartments'of said receiver and said compressed-air supply, a-pipe communicating with the other of said compartme'nts of said supplementary compart-- ment receiver and= with a combustible gasof hydrocarbon supply, a combined mixing and controllinglcham er, a valved pipe for estab lishin communication between said mixing in and the combustion chamber 'of the engine,."'a valved'pipe for establishing comv munication between the air-receiving compartm'en't of said supplementarycomparb ment receiver' 'and said chamber, and

a valved-pipe foiestablishing communica- 13o tion between the other compartment of said Supplementary mpartment -'re'ceiver'; a1 1d 1 s ix g chamber.

ii. "'Attachments for. 'nternal' combustion ertgiiies -comprising means for introducing a cool'ed'blast of scavenging air into-the com- "bustion chamber'of the engine, said means comprising" a. supplementary compartment receiver, means for establishingcommunica- 'tion between one of the compartments of the receiver-and a compressed-air su ply; means for establishing communication etween'the other compart'mentof said receiver and a. Watergsupply, means for' carrying ofi the. T15

water, from the vWater compartment: of,,th e

e e a i a valved pipe for stablishin communication. 1 betweenthe air-receiving com artment' of said receiver, anti thecomf f-bustion chamber ofth'e engine;

7. Attachments for internal combustion jengines; comprising means-for introducing a or the e iine; a supplementary compartment cooled blast' of scavenging ail into the com- ;bus'tion chamber of the engine, said 'means comprising-a water supply communicating "th-the' jacket ofthe-combustion chamber receiver an air anda waterareceivingcompartment, avalved pipe for establishing communication between t i compartment-and" .said Water 'supply, a

f-valved'jpipe-ffori establishing communication v ;l )'etween -said airqeceiving compartment and a compressed-air supply, a pipe forestablishing. communication between the water-rece ving compartment and the jacket of the combustion chamber of the' engine, and a valved pipe for establishing communication he combustion chamber of the engine.

" '8. Attachments for internal combustion en 'nes, comprising a compartment-receiver having oneof its compartmentsadapted to MoRLEY BROWN.

" -.-mas'n. Nim'me,

R. WILLIAMS.

receive compressed air and the other of the. v.c0'n'ipartnie'nts a combustible the combustion chamber hand-in presence of twofsubscribingwitbetween the air-receiving compartment and gas or hydro 

